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Mohamad, A. B.; Nakajima, Kunihisa; Miwa, Shuhei; Osaka, Masahiko
Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 60(3), p.215 - 222, 2023/03
Times Cited Count：0 Percentile：0.01(Nuclear Science & Technology)Miwa, Shuhei; Karasawa, Hidetoshi; Nakajima, Kunihisa; Kino, Chiaki*; Suzuki, Eriko; Imoto, Jumpei
JAEA-Data/Code 2021-022, 32 Pages, 2023/01
JAEA-Data-Code-2021-022.pdf:1.41MBJAEA-Data-Code-2021-022(errata).pdf:0.17MB
The improved model for cesium (Cs) chemisorption onto stainless steel (SS) in the fission product (FP) chemistry database named ECUME was incorporated into the severe accident (SA) analysis code SAMPSON for the more accurate estimation of Cs distribution within nuclear reactor vessels in the TEPCO's Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (1F). The SAMPSON with the improved model was verified based on the analysis results reproducing the experimental results which were subjected to the modeling of Cs chemisorption behavior. Then, the experiment in the facility with the temperature gradient tube to simulate SA conditions such as temperature decrease and aerosol formation was analyzed to confirm availability of the improved model to the analysis of Cs chemisorption onto SS. The SAMPSON with the improved model successfully reproduced the experimental results, which indicates that the improved model and the analytical method such as setting a method of node-junction, models of aerosol formation and the calculation method of saturated CsOH vapor pressure can be applicable to the analysis of Cs chemisorption behavior. As the information on water-solubility of Cs deposits was also prerequisite to estimate the Cs distribution in the 1F because Cs can be transported through aqueous phase after the SA, the water-solubility of chemisorbed Cs compounds was investigated. The chemisorbed compounds on SS304 have been identified to CsFeO
at 873 K to 973 K with higher water-solubility, CsFeSiO
at 973 K to 1273 K and CsSiO
at 1073 K to 1273 K with lower water-solubility. From these results, the water-solubility of chemisorbed Cs compounds can be estimated according to the SA analysis conditions such as temperature in the reactor and the CsOH concentration affecting the amount of chemisorbed Cs.
Miwa, Shuhei; Nakajima, Kunihisa; Miyahara, Naoya; Nishioka, Shunichiro; Suzuki, Eriko; Horiguchi, Naoki; Liu, J.; Miradji, F.; Imoto, Jumpei; Afiqa, B. M.; et al.
Mechanical Engineering Journal (Internet), 7(3), p.19-00537_1 - 19-00537_11, 2020/06
We constructed the fission product (FP) chemistry database named ECUME for LWR severe accident. This version of ECUME is equipped with dataset of the chemical reactions and their kinetics constants for the reactions of cesium(Cs)-iodine(I)-boron(B)-molybdenum(Mo)-oxygen(O)-hydrogen(H) system in gas phase, the elemental model for the high temperature chemical reaction of Cs with stainless steel applied as the structural material in a reactor, and thermodynamic data for CsBO vapor species and solids of CsSiO and CsFeSiO for these chemical reactions. The ECUME will provide estimation of Cs distribution due to the evaluation of effects of interaction with BWR control material B and stainless steel on Cs behavior in the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station.
Nakajima, Kunihisa; Nishioka, Shunichiro*; Suzuki, Eriko; Osaka, Masahiko
Mechanical Engineering Journal (Internet), 7(3), p.19-00564_1 - 19-00564_14, 2020/06
A large amount of cesium (Cs) chemisorbed onto stainless steel is predicted to be present especially in the upper region of reactor pressure vessel (RPV) during light water reactor severe accident (LWR SA) and a chemisorption model was developed for estimation of such amounts of Cs for stainless steel type 304 (SS304). However, this existing chemisorption model cannot accurately reproduce experimental results. Therefore, in this study, a modified Cs chemisorption model which accounts for silicon content in SS304 and concentration of cesium hydroxide (CsOH) in gaseous phases was constructed by combining penetration theory for gas-liquid mass transfer with chemical reaction and mass action law for CsOH decomposition at interface between gaseous and solid phases. As a result, it was found that the modified model was able to reproduce the experimental data more accurately than the existing model.
Miradji, F.; Suzuki, Chikashi; Nakajima, Kunihisa; Osaka, Masahiko
Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, 136, p.109168_1 - 109168_9, 2020/01
Times Cited Count：2 Percentile：12.9(Chemistry, Multidisciplinary)Nishioka, Shunichiro; Nakajima, Kunihisa; Suzuki, Eriko; Osaka, Masahiko
Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 56(11), p.988 - 995, 2019/11
Times Cited Count：12 Percentile：80.27(Nuclear Science & Technology)In order to contribute to improvement of Cs chemisorption model used in severe accident analysis codes, the influence of chemical factors (temperature, atmosphere, concentration of affecting chemical elements etc.) on the Cs chemisorption behaviour onto stainless steel was investigated experimentally. It was found that the surface reaction rate constant used in the current Cs-chemisorption model was influenced by not only temperature, as already known, but also atmosphere, cesium hydroxide (CsOH) concentration in the gas phase and silicon content in SS304. Such chemical factors should be considered for the construction of the improved Cs-chemisorption model. Another important finding is that the chemisorption behavior at lower temperatures, around 873 K, could differ from those above 1073 K. Namely, Cs-Fe-O compounds would form as the main Cs-chemisorbed compounds at 873 K while Cs-Si-Fe-O compounds at more than 1073 K.
Miradji, F.; Suzuki, Chikashi; Nishioka, Shunichiro; Suzuki, Eriko; Nakajima, Kunihisa; Osaka, Masahiko; Barrachin, M.*; Do, T. M. D.*; Murakami, Kenta*; Suzuki, Masahide*
Proceedings of 9th Conference on Severe Accident Research (ERMSAR 2019) (Internet), 21 Pages, 2019/03
Nakajima, Kunihisa; Suzuki, Eriko; Miyahara, Naoya; Osaka, Masahiko
Progress in Nuclear Science and Technology (Internet), 5, p.168 - 170, 2018/11
Chemical interaction between cesium (Cs) vapor and stainless steel (SS) surface known as chemisorption can cause a significant amount of Cs retention on the inner surfaces within the reactor pressure vessel during a light water reactor severe accident (SA). Although the chemisorption is known to be influenced with temperature and atmosphere, their dependancies are not yet fully understood. Therefore, the Cs chemisorption behaviours under mixed gases of steam and hydrogen were experimentally examined to contribute to a better understanding of the chemisorption behaviours under various atmospheres experienced during the SA at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station. As a result, it was found that the deposited amounts of Cs onto the SS in the steam-containing atmosphere were much higher than those in the no steam atmosphere. It was considered that Cs revaporization from a chemisorbed product was one of the reasons why the deposited amounts under the reducing atmosphere decreased.
Di Lemma, F. G.; Yamashita, Shinichiro; Miwa, Shuhei; Nakajima, Kunihisa; Osaka, Masahiko
Energy Procedia, 127, p.29 - 34, 2017/09
Times Cited Count：4 Percentile：90.81(Energy & Fuels)Chemical effects of molybdenum (Mo) and boron (B), which were considered to form compounds with Cs, on the Cs chemisorption were predicted using a chemical equilibrium calculation. It is seen that CsMoO were formed in the chemisorbed compounds. On the other hand, little effects were observed for B. The results suggest that the effects of Mo should be considered for further experimental investigation.
Di Lemma, F. G.; Nakajima, Kunihisa; Yamashita, Shinichiro; Osaka, Masahiko
Journal of Nuclear Materials, 484, p.174 - 182, 2017/02
Times Cited Count：22 Percentile：90.44(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)Chemisorption phenomena can affect fission products retention in the nuclear reactor vessel during a Severe Accident (SA). This paper will describe the influence of molybdenum contained in type 316 stainless steel (SS) on Cs chemisorption. Our experiments showed the formation of Cs-Mo compounds in addition to CsFeSiO, observed previously on SS304. The results of high temperature stability tests on the deposits are also presented. These tests aimed at simulating the revaporization of FP from structural materials during a SA. From our results, it can be inferred that Cs-Mo deposits may revaporize, contributing as a delayed source to the radioactive release.
Osaka, Masahiko; Miwa, Shuhei; Nakajima, Kunihisa; Di Lemma, F. G.*; Suzuki, Chikashi; Miyahara, Naoya; Kobata, Masaaki; Okane, Tetsuo; Suzuki, Eriko
JAEA-Review 2016-026, 32 Pages, 2016/12
JAEA-Review-2016-026.pdf:6.18MB
A fundamental research program on fission product (FP) chemistry has started since 2012 for the purpose of establishment of a FP chemistry database in each region of LWR under severe accident and improvement of FP chemical models based on the database. Research outputs are reflected as fundamental knowledge to both the research and development of decommissioning of Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (1F) and enhancement of LWR safety. Four research items have thus been established considering the specific issues of 1F and the priority in the source term research area, as follows: effects of boron (B) release kinetics and thermal-hydraulic conditions on FP behavior, cesium (Cs) chemisorption and reactions with structural materials, enlargement of a thermodynamic and thermophysical properties database for FP compounds and development of experimental and analytical techniques for the reproduction of FP behavior and for direct measurement methods of chemical form of FP compounds. In this report, the research results and progress for the year 2015 are described. The main accomplishment was the installation of a reproductive test facility for FP release and transport behavior. Moreover, basic knowledge about the Cs chemisorption behavior was also obtained. In addition to the four research items, a further research item is being considered for deeper interpretation of FP behavior by the analysis of samples outside of the 1F units.
Erkoc, S.*; Bastug, T.*; Hirata, Masaru; Tachimori, Shoichi
Chemical Physics Letters, 321(3-4), p.321 - 327, 2000/04
Times Cited Count：0 Percentile：0.01(Chemistry, Physical)no abstracts in English
on Pt(III)W.Wurth*; J.Stoehr*; P.Feulner*; X.Pan*; K.R.Bauchspiess*; Baba, Yuji; D.Menzel*
Physical Review Letters, 65(19), p.2426 - 2429, 1990/11
Times Cited Count：222 Percentile：97.66(Physics, Multidisciplinary)no abstracts in English
Saeki, Masakatsu; Hirabayashi, Takakuni
Radiochimica Acta, 35, p.233 - 238, 1984/00
no abstracts in English
Yamashita, Shinichiro; Miwa, Shuhei; Osaka, Masahiko; Nagase, Fumihisa
no journal, ,
Cesium (Cs) chemisorption behavior onto stainless steel (SS) structural materials under LWR severe accident conditions was investigated by means of a chemical equilibrium calculation. Two categories of compounds formed by the Cs-chemisorption onto the SS were identified by a literature review, i.e. Cs-Cr-O and Cs-Si-O system compounds. The chemical stability of Cs-including compounds was evaluated by a chemical equilibrium calculation as a function of oxygen potential. Results showed that Cs-Si-O compounds were stable under a wide range of oxygen potential, while Cs-Cr-O was formed under a limited range. It was also shown that B inclusion might suppress the formation of Cs-Si-O compounds by a formation of Cs-B-O vapor.
Di Lemma, F. G.; Yamashita, Shinichiro; Nakajima, Kunihisa; Miwa, Shuhei; Osaka, Masahiko; Nagase, Fumihisa
no journal, ,
This study will describe the surface analyses performed on stainless steel samples, which endured cesium corrosion under controlled laboratories conditions, aimed to simulate reactor accidents. The aim of this study was to obtain fundamental knowledge on the characteristics of the Cs-chemisorbed deposits and on the chemisorption mechanisms. The experiments showed that Cesium has high affinity with Silicon, and that the concentration of the formed compound decreased with increasing temperature.
Di Lemma, F. G.; Nakajima, Kunihisa; Yamashita, Shinichiro; Osaka, Masahiko; Nagase, Fumihisa
no journal, ,
This work will compare the microstructural results obtained from different Cs-chemisorbed stainless steel (SS) samples (SS304 and modified-SS316). The analyses showed that Cs-chemisorption was influenced by the presence of different minor elements in SS (such as Si and Mo), as the deposits on the different samples exhibited different properties.
Suzuki, Eriko; Di Lemma, F. G.; Nakajima, Kunihisa; Yamashita, Shinichiro; Osaka, Masahiko
no journal, ,
In order to clarify the re-vaporization behavior of cesium (Cs) chemisorbed compounds which formed onto reactor structural materials during Severe Accident (SA), Cs chemisorbed samples were reheated at 1000
C and then microstructural analysis of the chemisorbed samples was conducted. In the case of stainless steel containing Mo, Cs-Mo-O compounds were formed on surface, together with major Cs-Fe-Si-O compounds, and re-vaporized easier than Cs-Fe-Si-O compounds at 1000C.
Afiqa, B. M.; Nakajima, Kunihisa; Miwa, Shuhei; Osaka, Masahiko; Oishi, Yuji*; Muta, Hiroaki*; Kurosaki, Ken*; Yamanaka, Shinsuke*
no journal, ,
The release of Sr from fuel would be enhanced by the formation of volatile SrCl in case of seawater injection into the core like as Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant severe accidents. Since these volatile Sr vapor species can chemically react with stainless steel (SS) at high temperature, the chemisorption behavior is important in evaluating the Sr distribution in the reactor. Therefore, in order to verify the chemisorption behavior of SrCl (generated by seawater injection) vapor species onto SS 304, chemical adsorption by the experiment was carried out and the compound formed on the SS 304 surface was analyzed. As a result, it was found a stable Sr/Si/O compound was formed on the surface of SS 304.
Nakajima, Kunihisa; Nishioka, Shunichiro; Suzuki, Eriko; Miradji, F.; Osaka, Masahiko
no journal, ,
Radioactive cesium (Cs) localized in the upper region of reactor pressure vessel (RPV) is one of the major concerns, especially in the case of the fuel debris retrieval accessing from top of the RPV. For estimation of amount of Cs chemisorbed onto structure materials, Cs chemisorption model is developed and incorporated into present severe accident codes. However, this chemisorption model cannot accurately reproduce experimental results. Therefore, this study elucidates essential factors influencing the Cs chemisorption behavior and construct the Cs chemisorption model considering these factors. It was found that this model can more accurately reproduce not only our experimental results but also the results used to construct the existing chemisorption model.
